利用logrotate对MySQL日志进行轮转下载

软件下载 12月 04, 2023 0 king

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[Linux] 利用logrotate对MySQL日志进行轮转日志轮转特别适用于具有固定文件名的日志文件，比如MySQL的出错日志、常规查询日志、慢查询日志等。Linux系统有一个非常好用的根据logratate可以实现自动轮转，本文介绍它的原理和用法。默认情况下，logratate部署为每天运行的cron job，你可以在目录/etc/cron.daily里找到名为logratate的配置文件。那么它是在每天的上面时候运行的呢？打开文件/etc/crontab就知道了，下面是我机器上的情况：[plain] SHELL=/bin/bash PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin MAILTO=root HOME=/ # run-parts 01 * * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.hourly 02 4 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.daily 22 4 * * 0 root run-parts /etc/cron.weekly 42 4 1 * * root run-parts /etc/cron.monthly 从上面的配置我们可以知道，/etc/cron.daily是在每天凌晨4:02执行。也就是说，每天4:02分/etc/cron.daily/logratate将会自动执行，下面是它的内容：[plain] #!/bin/sh /usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf EXITVALUE=$? if [ $EXITVALUE != 0 ]; then /usr/bin/logger -t logrotate “ALERT exited abnormally with [$EXITVALUE]” fi exit 0 从上面我们可以知道，logratate默认的配置文件是/etc/logratate.conf，下面是它的内容：[plain] EXITVALUE=$? if [ $EXITVALUE != 0 ]; then /usr/bin/logger -t logrotate “ALERT exited abnormally with [$EXITVALUE]” fi exit 0 [root@lx202 /etc/cron.daily ]# cat /etc/logrotate.conf # see “man logrotate” for details # rotate log files weekly weekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs rotate 4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones create # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed #compress # RPM packages drop log rotation information into this directory include /etc/logrotate.d # no packages own wtmp — we'll rotate them here /var/log/wtmp { monthly minsize 1M create 0664 root utmp rotate 1 } /var/log/btmp { missingok monthly minsize 1M create 0600 root utmp rotate 1 } 从上面我们可以知道，这个默认的配置文件将读取目录/etc/logrotate.d，所以我们只要把自己写的配置文件放到该目录下即可。MySQL本省分享了一个rotate的参考配置文件，在support-files目录下，文件名为mysql-log-rotate，内容如下：[plain] # This logname can be set in /etc/my.cnf # by setting the variable “err-log” # in the [safe_mysqld] section as follows: # # [safe_mysqld] # err-log=/opt/mysql/data/mysqld.log # # If the root user has a password you have to create a # /root/.my.cnf configuration file with the following # content: # # [mysqladmin] # password = # user= root # # where “” is the password. # # ATTENTION: This /root/.my.cnf should be readable ONLY # for root ! /opt/mysql/data/mysqld.log { # create 600 mysql mysql notifempty daily rotate 3 missingok compress postrotate # just if mysqld is really running if test -x /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin && /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ping &>/dev/null then /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin flush-logs fi endscript } logrotate常见选项:选项含义compress 压缩日志文件的所有非当前版本copy 复制当前的日志文件,忽略create参数copytruncate 复制当前的日志文件,并置空当前文件daily 每天轮日志文件idateext 轮换的日志后缀为-YYYYMMDD格式delaycompress 压缩除了当前和最近之外的所有其他版本missingok 如果知识兔日志不存在,不会报错notifempty 如果知识兔日志为空,则不轮换rotate n 在轮换方案中包含n个版本的日志size=logsize 如果知识兔日志文件大于logsize才轮换我们只要根据自己的需要，修改相应配置即可，下面是一个例子：1）创建MySQL root密码文件vi /root/.my.cnf[plain] [mysqladmin] password = *** user= root chmod 600 /root/.my.cnf2）把mysql-log-rotate拷贝至/etc/logrotate.d目录下，修改其内容为：[plain] /data/mysql/log/slow.log /data/mysql/log/alert.log { create 600 mysql mysql notifempty daily rotate 7 missingok # compress postrotate # just if mysqld is really running if test -x /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin && /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ping &>/dev/null then /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin flush-logs fi endscript } 3）执行以下命令测试[plain]